第一篇

Trying to Find a Parther

　　One of the most striking findings of a recent poll  in the UK is that of the people inbterviewed,one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.

　　Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships?Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love?Or are we making it harder for ourselves?

　　It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships.Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status.A man doesn't expect his spouse to be  in sole charge of running his household and raising his children.

　　But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means  that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.

　　In theory,finding a partner should be much simpler these days.Only a few generations ago,your choice of soulmate （心上人） was constrained by geography,social convention and family  tradition.Although it was never explicit,many marriages were essentially  arranged.

　　Now those barriers have been broken down.You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon  in any bar in any city on any given evening.When the world is your oyster （牡蛎）,you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.

　　But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint:the tyranny of choice.

　　The expectations of partners are inflated to an unmanageable degree:good looks,impressive salary,kind to grandmother,and right socks.There is no room for error in the first impression.

　　We think that a relationship can be perfect.If it isn't,it is disposable.We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don't put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship.Of course,this is complicated by realities.The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.

　　31.What does the recent poll show?
　　A.It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband.
　　B.It is getting increasingly difficult to start a familyl.
　　C.It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife.
　　D.It is  getting increasingly difficult to develop an intimate relationship with your spouse.

　　32.Which of the following is NOT true about a contemporary married couple?
　　A.The wife doesn't have to raise the children all by herself.
　　B.The husband doesn't have to support the family all by himself.
　　C.The wife is no longer the only person to manage the household.
　　D.They will receive a large sum of money from the govemment.

　　33.Which of the following was NOT a constraint on one's choice of soulmate in the old days?
　　A.The health condition of his or her grandmother.
　　B.The geographical environment.
　　C.The social convention.
　　D.The family tradition.

　　34.Which of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage?
　　A.Good looks.
　　B.An impressive career.
　　C.A high salary.
　　D.A fine sense  of humor.

　　35.The word"sustain"（paragraph 2）could be best replaced by
　　A."reduce".
　　B."shake".
　　C."maintain".
　　D."weaken".
第二篇

Milosevic's Death

　　Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the Hague-based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old had been on trial there since February 2002.

　　Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school teacher.Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was"untypical",says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer.He was"not interested in sports,avoided excursions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-fashioned way-white shirt and tie."One of his old friends said,he could"imagine him as a station-master or punctilious（一丝不苟的）civil servant."

　　Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira.She was widely believed to be his driving force.

　　At university and beyond he did well.He worked for various firms and was a communist party member.By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee.But still he had  not yet really been noticed.

　　It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.But instead he played the nationalist card and became their champion.In so doing,he changed into a ruthless （无情的） and determined man.At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies.Conspiring（密谋）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign which aimed to get him the most power in the country.

　　He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of Yugoslavia.The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.War started and lasted for years and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.

　　Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.

　　36.Where did Milosevic die?
　　A.In a basement.
　　B.In a prison.
　　C.In Kosovo.
　　D.In his own country.

　　37.Which of the following is NOT true of the young Milosevic?
　　A.He dressed in a pretty old-fashioned way.
　　B.He was not interested in sports.
　　C.He often avoided excursions.
　　D.He was extremely ambitious.

　　38.All of  the following persons changed his fate in one way or another except
　　A.Mira.
　　B.his parents.
　　C.Zoran Djindjic.
　　D.the Director of Serbian TV.

　　39.Why was Milosevic sent to Kosovo in 1989?
　　A.To handle economic issues.
　　B.To drive the Albanians back to their own country.
　　C.To remove the Serbians' fears of being discriminated against.
　　D.To launch an attack against his political enemies.

　　40.What happened in 1991?
　　A.Yugoslavia broke up.
　　B.Western countries intervened.
　　C.NATO bombed Yugoslavia.
　　D.Milosevic was arrested.

　　第三篇

The World Cup

　　This summer's World Cup competition will see teams competing to play the world's best football.But the football they play will not all be of the same kind.The fans expect different styles of play from Brazil,Germany,or Italy.

　　What makes Brazilian football Brazilian?Our style of playing football contrasts with the Europeans because of a combination of qualities of surprise,accuracy and good judgment.This style has won Brazil five world cups.Yet many Brazilian fans only count four of these victories.In 1994,the team abandoned this style for modern,scientific training and tactics.The team won the cup,but in a boring way.

　　The ltalians think differently."To many ltalians,the score 0-0 has a glorious quality,suggesting perfection,"says the British football writer Simon Kuper.In the ltalian culture,the idea of face is very important.This is why ltalian teams are traditionally built around strong defences.The Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff once said that ltalian teams never exactly beat you.It's just that you often lose to them.

　　In Holland,there is a tradition of decision making through argument and discussion.It is a society where everybody is expected to have a point of view."Every Dutch player wants to control the game,"says Arnold Muhren."You play football with your brains and not your feet."

　　"A Dutch player argues,"says Simon Kuper."An English player obeys his superior.He is a soldier."The qualities valued in English football are military-strength,aggression and courage.This can make for exciting football.But it also means that the English find it difficult to use skillful players.David Beckham is usually criticized for his failure to defend-despite the fact that he is an attacker.

　　If the English like to fight,the Germans like to win.In recent years,Germany has tried to change its image as a country of ruthless efficiency and a desire for victory at all costs.But Germans are quite happy for these qualities to remain in their national football team."Football is a simple game,"Gary Lineker once said."You kick a ball about for ninety minutes and in the end the Germans win."

　　It's difficult to predict who will win this year's World Cup.There is no strong favorite.But a look at the track record of previous winners shows that it is the nations with the strongest national characteristics in the football that perform best.It seems that you need to know where you come from if you want to get to the top.

　　41.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Brazilian style of playing football?
　　A.Accuracy.
　　B.Surprise.
　　C.Good judgment.
　　D.Ruthless  efficiency.

　　42.Why do many lialians think that the score 0-0 has a glorious quality?
　　A.Because it makes no one lose face.
　　B.Because the ltalian team is not very strong.
　　C.Because ltalians are nice people.
　　D.Because that score is what their team could obtain.

　　43.What is one expected to do in Holland?
　　A.To play football.
　　B.To express his or her opinion freely.
　　C.To make a fuss about nothing.
　　D.To beat his or her opponents ruthlessly.

　　44.Which of the following is NOT true of the British football players?
　　A.They are aggressive.
　　B.They are courageous.
　　C.They play football for friendship.
　　D.They obey their superiors.

　　45.Who will win this year's World Cup?
　　A.The Brazilian team.
　　B.The ltalian team.
　　C.The German Team.
　　D.It is unpredictable.

　　第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）
　　下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

American Dreams

　　There is a common response to America among foreign writers:the US is a land of extremes where the best of things qre just as easily found as the worst.This is a cliche（陈词滥调）.

　　In the land of black and white,people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world.But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.（46） No class system or govemment stands in the way.

　　Sadly,this old argument is no longer true.Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.

　　The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened.（47）

　　Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent.For the top 1 per cent,however,it has gone up 200 per cent.Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth.（48）

　　Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California,incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969.（49） This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth.There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty.At 12.7 per cent of the population,it is the highest percentage in the developed world.

　　Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling,not growing.（50） There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.

　　A　Nobody is poor in the US.
　　B　The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.
　　C　For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.
　　D　Now it is 9.8 times.
　　E　As it does so,the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.
　　F　All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards  the top.

　　第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）
　　下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Sending E-mails to Professors

　　One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail（51）for copies of her teaching notes.

　　Another（52）that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.

　　At colleges and universities in the US,e-mail has made professors more approachable（平易近人）.But many say it has made them too accessible,（53）boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.

　　These days,professors say,students seem to view them as available（54）the clock,sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.

　　"The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding（令人吃惊的）,"said Michael Kessler,an assistant dean at Georgetown University."They'll（55）you to help:'I need to know this.'"

　　"There's a fine（56）between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy（正统性）as an （57）who is in charge."

　　Christopher Dede,a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education,said（58）show that students no longer defer to（听从）their professors,perhaps because they realize  that professors' （59）could rapidly become outdated.

　　"The deference was driven by the （60）that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge,"Dede said,and that notion has（61）.

　　For junior faculty members,e-mails bring new tension into their work,some say,as they struggle with how to（62）.Their job prospects,they realize,may rest in part on student evaluations of their accessibility.

　　College students say e-mail makes（63）easier to ask questions and helps them learn.

　　But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects（64）them,said Alexandra Lahav,and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut.

　　She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son.Professor Lahav did not respond.

　　"Such e-mails can have consequences,"she said."Students don't understand that （65）they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional,and could result in a bad recommendation."

　　51.A.providing　　B.offering　C.supplying　D.asking
　　52.A.complained　B.argued　　C.explained　D.believed
　　53.A.removing　B.moving　C.putting　D.placing
　　54.A.about　B.around　C.at　D.from
　　55.A.control　B.shout　C.order　D.make
　　56.A.requirement　B.contradiction　C.tension　D.balance
　　57.A.teacher　B.instructor　C.lecturer　D.professor
　　58.A.e-mails　B.passages　C.texts　D.books
　　59.A.technology　B.expertise　C.science　D.imagination
　　60.A.tradition　B.sense　C.notion　D.meaning
　　61.A.strengthened　B.weakened　C.reinforced　D.consolidated
　　62.A.ask　B.question　C.respond　D.request
　　63.A.him　B.her　C.you　D.it
　　64.A.on　B.against　C.in　D.about
　　65.A.this　B.which　C.that　D.what

2007年度职称外语等级考试标准答案

英语—综合类A卷（A级）

　　1.B　2.C　3.A　4.D　5.A　6.B　7.D　8.A　9.C　10.C　11.A

　　12.B　13.D　14.C　15.A　16.A　17.B　18.A　19.A　20.C　21.C

　　22.C　23.B　24.C　25.E　26.F　27.B　28.C　29.A　30.E　31.B

　　32.D　33.A　34.D　35.C　36.B　37.D　38.B　39.C　40.A　41.D

　　42.A　43.B　44.C　45.D　46.F　47.E　48.D　49.C　50.B　51.D

　　52.C　53.A　54.B　55.C　56.D　57.B　58.A　59.B　60.C　61.B

　　62.C　63.D　64.A　65.D

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